Improvement in coal-stoves



UNITED STATES PATENT OEErcEs GEORGE WELLHOUSE, OF AKRON, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN COAL-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 155,35 l,datedSeptember 22, 1874 application filed August 2e, 1874.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE WELLHoUsE, of Akron, in the county of Summitand State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inBase-Burning Coal-Stoves, of which the following is a specification:

rIhis invention relates to that class of heatin g-stoves known asbase-burning coal-stoves, such as wherein are employed a magazine orfuel-supplying chamber or reservoir arranged within the upper portion ofthe casing of the stove, in such a manner that fuel placed in suchmagazine or supply-chamber will be fed or supplied to a fire-potarranged below the same, 'descending into said {ire-pot by its inherentgravity as the same is consumed from below.

To improve upon such is the object of my invention, the prime featuresin view being to overcome or avoid the escape of poisonous gases intothe room or apartment where the stove is located; also, to construct thestove or provide it with means for controlling and directing theadmission of air, to increase or retard combustion of fuel.

First, the invention consists in surrounding` the lower portion of themagazine with a casing, of a diameter greater than that of the magazine,open at its bottom or lower end, and provided with a series ofport-holes in its upper port-ion, which are controlled by a valve,partition, or ring having corresponding ports, the casing and magazinebeing located in such respect to each other as to form an intermediatespace, in such manner that when the ports are open the air entering atthe upper portion of the stove is caused to descend down through theports between the magazine and the casing, uniting the fresh air oroxygen with any gases present, and projecting them united into thetire-chamber, thus burning the smoke and materially aiding combustion.

Second, the invention further consists in providing the casing whichsurrounds the lower portion of the magazine or fuel-supply chamber witha series of ports, corresponding with those in the movable valve,partition, or plate, in such a manner that, when the respective portsare made to coincide, a continuous draft of air may be caused to enterthrough the top or upper portion of the stove, and

made to descend or traverse between the casing of the magazine and theshell of the stove, in such a manner as to secure a continuous draft,for projecting any tloating gases that may be generated into theeXitpipe without aiding combustion, and thus supply the exitpipe with adraft without taking such draft from the fire.

Third, the invention further consists in providing the {ire-pot, uponthe inside, at or about its lower edge or base, with horizontal bars orteeth, of a length, preferably, less than half thediameter of the exitportion or bottom of the re-pot, said bars or teeth being combined witha revolving grate, in such a manner that any clinkers or other foreignmatter collectingI upon the bars or teeth can be thrust or pushedbackward onto the grate, and thence drawn into the ash pit or pan.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical central section of my improvedbase burning stove, illustrating the various improvements, the arrowsshowing the course of the air, the ports of the valve or ring coincidingwith the ports leading Vinto the space between the casing and shell ofthe stove. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section taken on the line x x ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detached perspective view of a-portion ot' themagazine or fuel-supply chamber, also the valve or ring, illustratingthe ports in the casing and valve orring in coincidence, admitting airdirect into the exit-pipe. Fig. 4 is a detached portion of the magazineand casing, illustrating the ports in coincidence, so'as to admit airbetween the casin g and magazine entering the fuel.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all theigures.

Referring to the drawings, the letter A designates the out-side casingor shell of a stove, the form and construction of which may be varied,said stove, in the present instance, being provided with a movablecover, B, for the admission of fuel into the magazine or fuelsupplychamber or reservoir, the upper portion of the stove being perforatedwith a series of openings, as at O, to admit of air into the spacebetween the magazine or fuel-supply chamber and the shell of the stove,to be controlled and directed as hereinafter specified. YVithin thecasing A is the magazine or fuelsupply chamber or reservoir D, having asuitable cover, a, and at its top fitted to the interior of the case Aabove the said series of holes, but so arranged as to be freely rotatedon a horizontal plane, and also permit a small quantity of air tocontinually escape through the joint thus formed into the space betweenthe coverB and the top of the magazine orfuel-supply chamber, whichspace is connected with the exit-pipe of the stove by a small pipe, C',so that all gases generated in said space will be conducted into theexit-pipe, as illustrated by the arrowin Fig. l, and condensation ofgases and collection of tar avoided, which are always present whenbituminous coal is used as fuel.

Near the bottom of the magazine or fuelsupply chamber is an outwardilange, D, provided with a series of vertical ports, d d, and accuratelyfitted into a corresponding groovein the magazine-casing E, so as tomove or slide freely therein, making an approximately air-tight joint.On the upper face of casing E are two series of ports, c e and b b, eachcorresponding with the ports d d in the iiange D, so arranged that, byturning the magazine until the ports d d correspond with either set ofthe ports e e or b b, the air may be directed from above to the insideor outside of the casing E, as desired, and as illustrated and indicatedby the arrows in Figs. l, 2, and 3.

In practice, I have attached the ange D to the magazine or fuel-supplychamber, and thereby supporting the latter; but it may be constructed asa separate valve, partition, or rin g, so as to move independent of themagazine or fuel-supply chamber, in which case the magazine may bestationary.

Below the fire ring or section is the fire-pot 1 G, the upher rim ofwhich may ab all times form a tight joint from Hue to flue, whereby isformed on opposite sides the down-draft ues H H, which latter connect atthe back of the stove with the exit-pipe, and are separated from theash-pit I by a suitable partition, K. These iues conform to the shape ofthe fire-pot G, and each extends about one-fourth the distance aroundthe stove, and, by their peculiar shape, cause the flame and heat to bedirected in a broad sheet against the inside of the case or shell A,thus affording a great heating surface, while their size prevents thembecoming clogged by an accumulation of soot, as is often the case whensmaller flues are used. The edges of the fire-pot at the ues are turneddownward, as shown, so as to form a continuation of the fire-pot, and,in connection with the partition K and Wall of the lirepot, form anindependent air-passage, L, encircling the main portion of the fire-pot,and connected at the front and back of the stove with perforated spacesor openings in the case or shell A. Thus a free circuit of cold air iscontinually passing around the fire-pot, carrying into the room heatedair, and thus preventing the burning out of the fire-pot, as a constantcurrent of cool air is continuallyimpelled against its outer portion.Upon the inside base of the fire-pot are teeth or bars g g, projectingupward, as shown, extending about half across the exit-opening, andbelow the fire-pot is the grate, smaller in diameter than the insidebase of the fire-pot, and having a revolving and dumping motion, theconstruction and arrangement of such being that, as clinkers or otherforeign matter are collected upon the bars or teeth, the same can beforced .back upon the grate and discharged therefrom into the ash pit orpan.

In operation, air enters through the holes in the upper part of thestove, for instance at C, and, passing downward between the magazine orfuel-supply chamber and case A, as indicated by arrows, carries with itany gases that may escape into that space. By turning the magazine orfuel-supply chamber, with its flange or the valve or partition D, in theproper direction, (for which purpose the pins h h are placed thereon,and are reached through a small door in the case A,) the air is causedto pass inside ofthe casing E, as in Fig. 4, and through the fuel,thereby increasing combustion, or outside, as in Figs. l and 3, toretard the same. Ihe grate is readily cleaned, and any clinker formingon the bars or short teeth g g can, by means of a common hooked poker,be pushed backward onto the grate, and thence drawn into the ash-pit.Any gases that may accumulate in the chamber between the top of themagazine or fuel-supply chamber and the top B are, with the air thatescapes around the top of the magazine, carried through the small pipe Cinto the exit-pipe.

What I claim isl. The combination of a movable valve, having a series ofports, with a casing surrounding the magazine of a base-burning stove,said flan ge or valve intervening between the casing of the stove andfthe magazine, and seated upon the casing, having two sets ofalternately arranged ports, substantially as herein described, and forthe object specified.

2. In a base-burning coal-stove, a magazinecasing provided with sets ofports, e f, on its upper face, one set whereof connects with the inside,and the other with the outside, of said casing, in combination with aange or valve having corresponding ports, for controlling' and directingthe supply of air to and from the burning fuel.

3. In a base-burning stove, the fire pot formed with the short teeth orbars g g, in combination with a rotating grate, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony that 1 claim the foregoing, I

have hereunto set my hand.

GEORGE WELLHOUSE. Witnesses JAMES L. NoRRIs, ALBERT H. NoRRIs.

